Publication Ethics

1. Duties of Authors

1. Originality and Authenticity
   Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original works that have not been published elsewhere and are not under consideration by another journal. Any form of plagiarism, whether partial or total is strictly prohibited.

2. Accuracy of Data
   Authors must present accurate, reliable, and verifiable data. Manipulation or falsification of data is unacceptable. If errors are discovered after submission or publication, authors must immediately inform the editor.

3. Citation and Acknowledgment
   Authors are required to properly cite all sources that influenced the research. Any contribution from individuals or institutions must be acknowledged appropriately.

4. Authorship
   All individuals who contributed significantly to the research must be included as authors. Those who did not contribute substantively should not be listed.

5. Conflict of Interest
   Authors must clearly disclose any potential conflicts of interest that may influence the interpretation of research findings.

6. Revisions
   Authors must revise the manuscript promptly and professionally according to editorial and reviewer feedback.

2. Duties of Reviewers

1. Objectivity
   Reviewers must provide objective, constructive, and professional assessments without personal bias. Criticism should be limited to academic evaluation.

2. Confidentiality
   All manuscripts received for review must be kept confidential. Reviewers may not discuss, copy, or distribute any part of the manuscript.

3. Conflict of Interest
   Reviewers must decline assignments that present a conflict of interest, whether personal, financial, or academic.

4. Punctuality
   Reviewers should complete evaluations within the agreed timeline. If they are unable to do so, they must notify the editor promptly.

3. Duties of Editors

1. Fairness in Decision-Making
   Editors must maintain fairness and neutrality in deciding accepted or rejected manuscripts. Decisions should be based solely on the academic quality of the content.

2. Confidentiality
   Editors may not disclose any information regarding submitted manuscripts to anyone other than authors, reviewers, and the publisher.

3. Avoiding Conflicts of Interest
   Editors must avoid conflicts of interest in the editorial process. Manuscripts with potential conflicts should be handled by another editor.

4. Ensuring Publication Quality
   Editors are responsible for ensuring that each published article meets academic and ethical standards.

4. Duties of the Publisher

1. Support for Editorial Independence
   The publisher must ensure editorial independence and support ethical decision-making without external interference.

2. Commitment to Integrity
   The publisher collaborates with editors to maintain the integrity of academic publications, including preventing plagiarism and handling ethical violations.

3. Archiving and Accessibility
   The publisher ensures long-term access to published works through proper archiving systems.

5. Handling Ethical Violations

If ethical violations such as plagiarism, data manipulation, duplicate publication, or authorship disputes are identified, the editorial team will take corrective measures. These may include:

• Rejection of the manuscript

• Retraction of published articles

• Notification to the author's institution

• Suspension of the author's future submissions

All actions are carried out in line with COPE guidelines.