Manthiqi Approach In The Interpretation Of Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi

Abstract

This study examines the mantiqi (logical) approach in the Qur’anic exegesis of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, focusing on the application of logical methods in Mafatih al-Ghayb. This research is motivated by al-Razi’s strong tendency to integrate rational inquiry with revealed texts in interpreting the Qur’an, particularly in addressing theological and philosophical issues. The objective of this study is to analyze the forms of man?iq employed, its methodological functions, and its implications for the construction of meaning in al-Razi’s exegetical work.This research adopts a qualitative-descriptive method with a library research approach. The primary source is Mafatih al-Ghayb by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, while secondary sources consist of works on mantiq, Islamic theology ('ilm al-kalam), and classical Qur’anic exegesis methodologies. Data analysis is conducted through a critical reading of al-Razi’s argumentative structures, particularly in verses related to creed ('aqidah), divine attributes, and metaphysical issues.The findings indicate that the mantiqi approach constitutes a fundamental element of al-Razi’s exegetical method. This approach is reflected in the use of rational dialectical patterns, systematic logical argumentation, and the integration of reason ('aql) and revelation (naql). Mantiq functions not only as a tool for analyzing the meanings of Qur’anic verses but also as an apologetic instrument to defend the doctrines of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah against various emerging theological perspectives. Consequently, al-Razi’s tafsir exhibits a distinctive rational-philosophical character and makes a significant contribution to the development of classical Qur’anic exegesis methodology.